Hey guys, thanks for listening this week! Below are some handy maps, some images, and of course all my sources. I will see you on Monday!

Above: three different portrayals of Njinga. On the left, a Portuguese portrait c. 1830s; in the center, the statue discussed in our episode, erected in 2002; on the right, an image from a UNESCO comic book published in 2014.
Above: images from an Angolan feature-length film, Njinga, released in 2015
SOURCES
Heywood, Linda and John K. Thornton, Central Africans, Atlantic Creoles, and the Making of the Americas, 1580-1660. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2007.
Heywood, Linda M. Njinga of Angola: Africa's Warrior Queen. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2017.
Miller, Joseph C. Kings and Kinsmen: Early Mbundu States in Angola. London: Oxford University Press, 1976.
Thornton, John K. Warfare in Atlantic Africa, 1500-1800. London: UCL Press, 1999.
Thornton, John K. “The Art of War in Angola, 1575-1680.” Comparative Studies in Society and History, Vol. 30, No. 2 (Apr. 1988), 360-378.
Comments